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A RUSSIAN ORMOLU, BLUE-GLASS AND CRYSTAL TEN-LIGHT CHANDELIER CIRCA 1795 With three tiers, the upper corona suspending facetted drops, above a leaf-cast ring centred by a blue glass dish with berried finial and hung with downturned arms and suspending further pendant chains of oval and tapering drops, above a cascade of two further tiers with a smaller blue-glass dish, issuing similar drops and pendants, the lower concave-sided tier applied with lion masks alternately supporting palm fronds and acanthus-clad candlearms, suspending a further blue-glass dish, minor losses and replacements 45 ? in. (115.5 cm.) high; 28 ? in. (72.5 cm.) diameter
With its delicate ormolu construction hung with crystal and blue glass, this chandelier relates to the oeuvre of the St. Petersburg chandelier-maker Johann Adam Fischer and his contemporaries, whose chandeliers epitomise the fashion for sumptuous and glittering furnishings at the Imperial Court during the reigns of Catherine the Great, Paul I and Alexander I. Fischer's fame spread beyond St. Petersburg and his chandeliers were also acquired by patrons in Moscow, including Count Sheremetiev who in 1798 used one of Fischer's most unusual pieces at Ostankino Palace (I. Sychev,The Russian Chandeliers, St. Petersburg, 2003, p. 65, fig. 321). Fischer was one of several German chandelier-makers who came to St. Petersburg in the late 18th Century. They introduced a pattern of chandelier now known as 'Catherine', which existed in two basic forms: chandeliers with a load-bearing central shaft with tiers of rings with branches and so-called basket-chandeliers with cascades of drops and central coloured glass elements (ibid, p. 57).