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国内拍卖首页 > Christie's UK > 中国瓷器及工艺精品 > Lot 61

明十五世紀或更早鎏金銅釋迦牟尼佛生像

英国北京时间

2019年11月05日开拍 / 2019年11月05日截止委托

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拍品描述: 明十五世紀或更早鎏金銅釋迦牟尼佛生像7 ? in. (19 cm.) high 英國私人珍藏,於1970年代購自英國 The figure contains metal sculptures as part of its consecration and is a rare example of an early sculpture with its consecration intact. The X-ray reveals the presence of at least two metal sculptures: a miniature Buddha and a Buddhist stupa. The Buddha is seated in padmasana on a lotus throne, his left hand help in dhyanamudra. The process of consecrating a Buddhist sculpture was an elaborate ritual executed in accordance with canonical texts describing the process in detail. The most important part of the ritual was filling the sculpture with relics, for the vast majority comprising paper scrolls with mantras. In special circumstances, the lama included metal sculptures of deities and ritual objects associated with a renowned Lama. For a discussion on the consecration of Buddhist sculptures, see the essay by G. Leonov in Wisdom and Compassion, The Sacred Art of Tibet, M Rhie and R. Thurman, New York, 1991, pp351-353.An Early Ming Seated Gilt Bronze Sculpture of the Buddha ShakyamuniRobert D. Mowry, Senior Consultant, Christie’sAlan J. Dworsky Curator of Chinese Art Emeritus, Harvard Art MuseumsThis unusual gilt bronze sculpture represents a Buddha seated on a double-lotus pedestal. Presented in the guise of a monk, the robes, urna, ushnisha, benevolent countenance, distended earlobes, small snail-shell curls of hair, and webbed fingers identify the figure as a Buddha. Typically represented by a painted disk or an inset cabochon jewel—and often incorrectly termed a “third eye” or even a “caste mark”—the urna appears here as an integrally cast, raised dot in the “V” where the eyebrows meet on the forehead above the nose; according to the canonical texts, the urna is the curl of white hair between the Buddha’s eyebrows from which issues a ray of light illuminating all worlds. The ushnisha, or cranial protuberance atop the head, symbolizes the expanded wisdom that the Buddha gained at his enlightenment; it serves as the Buddha’s diagnostic iconographic feature, as only Buddhas possess an ushnisha. Open at the center, a halo in the form of a slender ring of lotus buds on a vine scroll encircles the Buddha’s head, emblemizing his divine status. (Symbolizing divinity, a halo is a circle, or disc, of light that appears behind the head of a deity; a mandorla is a full-body halo.) The gilded surfaces not only make the sculpture appropriate for representing a deity but symbolize the light that, according to the sutras, or sacred texts, radiates from his body. The Buddha sits in vajrasana, a cross-legged, yogic position, or asana, in which the feet are placed on the opposing thighs, soles up, the heels as close to the abdomen as possible, and the knees and legs arranged as symmetrically as possible; placed atop the left thigh, the right foot and leg thus conceal from view the left shin, ankle, and foot. (Also termed padmasana, or lotus position, this position is known as vajrasana in Chinese and Tibetan Buddhism.) The Buddha lowers his right hand in the bhumisparsha-mudra, or earth-touching gesture, in which he extends his right hand, palm outward, over his right knee to touch the earth in order to call it to witness his enlightenment. (A ritual hand gesture, a mudra symbolizes a particular action, power, or attitude of a deity.) As the Buddha had been meditating immediately before attaining enlightenment, his left hand remains in his lap, palm upward, in the dhyana-mudra, or meditation gesture. “Buddha” means “the Enlightened One”. A Buddha is an individual who has attained enlightenment and has entered into nirvana. Typically presented in the trappings of a monk, the Buddha generally is depicted with a single head, two arms, and two legs; he may be shown standing or seated and
---以下为第三方软件翻译，仅供参考---

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