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A PAINTED WOOD MANDALA PANEL OF BUDDHA AMITAYUS, TIBET, 18TH-19TH CENTURY
奥地利
04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /15天2小时
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Expert's note: Unlike vertically suspended paintings, this panel is intended for horizontal display on a table. Painted on cloth and mounted onto a flat wooden support, it functions as a ritual implement placed at the center of a shrine, particularly during initiation ceremonies and rites associated with the practice of Amitayus. Mandala panels of this type were designed for repeated ritual use and were typically preserved in temples where Amitayus held a position of special veneration, being employed during annual ceremonies performed according to the liturgical calendar.Gold and distemper on cloth, mounted on wood. Finely painted, the central palace houses Amitayus, the Buddha of Long Life, seated in vajra posture upon a moon disc and lotus pedestal, his two hands in dhyana mudra while holding a golden vase filled the nectar of longevity. His bare torso richly bejeweled and his serene countenance crowned with a foliate tiara and framed by a luminous green aureole.Eight identical manifestations encircle him, arranged in a perfect ring upon the floor of the celestial palace, which is divided into four colors and richly ornamented with intricate floral motifs. Beyond the palace walls, a red veranda extends along each of the four doorways, embellished with foliate designs, curved ritual knives, and a yellow balustrade.Provenance: Collection of Nicholas Squire, Suffolk, United Kingdom, and thence by descent. Nicholas John Squire (1949-2024) was a British solicitor who assembled a fine collection of Buddhist and Himalayan art, acquired in the 1990s through Spink & Sons as well as Ashencaen & Leonov.Condition: Good condition with expected wear, minor rubbing and flaking to pigments with associated small touchups, few minor nicks, light surface scratches. The back pierced with four small holes for mounting.Weight: 1,038 gDimensions: Size 32.5 x 32.5 cmThe palace stands squarely upon a multicolored double vajra, of which only the prongs and makara heads emerge on the four sides. This rests within a circle of variegated lotus petals and a final ring of colorful flames representing pristine awareness, completely enveloping the composition.The four corners are occupied by attendant figures: at the upper left, Shakyamuni, shown in monastic robes and holding a black begging bowl; at the upper right, Maitreya, performing a mudra at the heart; at the lower left, Amitabha, red in complexion, his two hands in meditation posture supporting an additional alms bowl; and at the lower right, the worldly guardian king Vaishravana, yellow in color, holding a victory banner.Numerous Buddhas are represented in Buddhist art, and aside from the many images of the historical Buddha Shakyamuni, the figure most frequently encountered is Amitayus, whose name signifies 'Immeasurable Life' and who is closely related to Amitabha, 'Immeasurable Light'. This prominence derives from Mahayana sutra literature, in which numerous texts are devoted to his cult and doctrine. In artistic representation, Amitayus assumes two principal forms: he may appear as a 'nirmanakaya' Buddha, manifested in earthly form, red in complexion and holding the vase of longevity, or in a peaceful celestial aspect identified with the 'sambhogakaya', or the body of enjoyment.Among the various traditions associated with Amitayus, the present mandala belongs, within Vajrayana Buddhism, to the tantra corpus and specifically to the Sanskrit Arya-aparimitayurjnana-nama-mahayana-sutra, catalogued as Toh. 674 and 676. The essential aim of this mandala and related practice is attainment of complete enlightenment. Concepts such as long life, longevity, and deathlessness function as metaphors within meditative discipline centered on the visualized form of Amitayus. The Indian Buddhist scholar credited with popularization of the Amitayus Nine-Deity Mandala tradition is the mahasiddha Jetari, active between the ninth and tenth centuries.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related Tibetan painted wood panel of a mandala with Amitayus, dated to the 19th century, 27.9 x 29.9 cm, in the Rubin Museum of Art, included in the exhibition Mandala. The Perfect Circle, New York, 14 August 2009-11 January 2010, and illustrated by Jeff Watt on Himalayan Art Resources, item no. 553.Auction result comparison:Type: Closely relatedAuction: Christie's New York, 22 March 2011, lot 6Price: USD 7,500 or approx. EUR 9,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A painted wooden panel of a mandala, Tibet, 19th centuryExpert remark: Compare the closely related manner of painting and size (33 cm).Auction result comparison:Type: Closely relatedAuction: Christie's New York, 22 March 2011, lot 7Price: USD 6,875 or approx. EUR 8,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A painted wooden panel of a 'Mahavairocana' mandala, Tibet, 19th centuryExpert remark: Compare the closely related manner of painting. Note the size (26 cm).

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拍品估价:600 - 1,200 欧元 起拍价格:600 欧元  买家佣金:

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