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国内拍卖首页 > Galerie Zacke > 亚洲艺术集珍 - 第二天 > Lot 0280
A GILT COPPER ALLOY REPOUSSÉ 'CHITIPATI' MASK, TIBET, 19TH TO FIRST HALF OF 20TH CENTURY
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04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /15天1小时
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A GILT COPPER ALLOY REPOUSSé 'CHITIPATI' MASK, TIBET, 19TH TO FIRST HALF OF 20TH CENTURYPublished: Farah Massart, Asian Art Society, online catalogue, 15 June 2025, no. 5.Finely crafted in the form of a grimacing skull, articulated by boldly rendered undulating sutures and distinguished by deeply modeled eye sockets, pronounced cheekbones, and an unsettling grin revealing a prominent dentition. The visage framed by ornate flaming scrollwork symbolizing spiritual transformation. The reverse fitted with a loop for wall suspension.Provenance: A private collection in Switzerland. The collection of Farah Massart, Belgium, acquired from the above. Farah Massart is a gallerist and expert in Asian art whose passion began more than thirty years ago while traveling extensively across Asia. After earning a degree in languages and building a career in business management, she reoriented her life toward Southeast Asian and Indian art, founding her gallery Famarte in 2012. Now based in Meise near Brussels with a summer pop-up in Knokke, Famarte specializes in high-quality sculpture, ritual objects, and contemporary Asian art, welcoming collectors in a personal setting. Farah regularly participates in international art fairs and exhibitions, sharing her expertise and dedication with a global community of collectors and enthusiasts.Condition: Good condition with expected wear and manufacturing irregularities, typical rubbing to gilding, light warping and small dents, few minute nicks and light surface scratches, remnants of ritual pigment. The copper with a rich, naturally grown patina.Weight: 461.3 gDimensions: Length 25.8 cmSkeletal imagery such as the present example can be linked to a memento mori, serving as a reminder of death and the impermanence and emptiness of all phenomena. Skull and skeleton imagery plays an important role in Tibetan Buddhist ritual and visual culture and appears prominently in charnel-ground symbolism associated with tantric practice. Related skeletal masks are worn during Cham ritual dances throughout the Himalayas and Mongolia, sacred theatrical performances that visually communicate Buddhist teachings and transform the dancers into divine beings.Such imagery is closely associated with Chitipati, skeletal guardians of the charnel grounds revered in tantric Buddhism as powerful protectors. Chitipati are known in Sanskrit sources as Shmashana Adhipati, or Lord of the Charnel Ground, and commonly represented as a dancing skeletal couple. Closely connected with the Chakrasamvara Tantra, they are typically depicted as intertwined skeletons dancing amid a halo of flames while holding ritual attributes. As lords of the cremation grounds, they remind practitioners of the inevitability of death and decay while simultaneously expressing the possibility of spiritual liberation. A popular subject in Tibetan Buddhist art, the Chitipati appear widely in thangka painting, sculpture, shrine decoration, ritual implements, and the costumes worn during Cham ceremonial dances.Memento mori (Latin for 'remember that you will die') is an artistic or symbolic trope acting as a reminder of the inevitability of death. The concept has its roots in the philosophers of classical antiquity and appeared in art and architecture from the medieval period onwards. The most common motif is a skull, often accompanied by one or more bones, or a complete skeleton. Often this alone is enough to evoke the trope, but sometimes other motifs such as a coffin, hourglass and wilting flowers were added to signify the impermanence of human life.From Leonardo to Basquiat, the most important artists of the modern world were fascinated by the Memento Mori trope. Likewise, the Chitipati are a reminder of the eternal cycle of life and death. Furthermore, there is a mind training practice in Tibetan Buddhism known as Lojong, the 'Four Contemplations to Cause a Revolution in the Mind'. The second of these four is the contemplation of impermanence and death. In particular, one contemplates that:All compounded things are impermanent,The human body is a compounded thing,Therefore, death of the body is certain,The time of death is uncertain and beyond our control.There are a number of classic verse formulations of these contemplations meant for daily reflection to overcome our strong habitual tendency to live as though we will certainly not die today.Literature comparison:Compare a gold- and silver-inlaid copper alloy oracle trident with a related finial in the form of a chitipati mask, Tibet, 17th century, in the Musée Guimet, Paris. Compare a related gilt-copper alloy skull-form crown fragment, Tibet, 18th-19th century, 11.9 cm high, in the British Museum, registration number 1992,1214.125.Auction result comparison:Type: Related Auction: Bonhams Paris, 15 December 2022, lot 123 Price: EUR 8,925 or approx. EUR 10,000 adjusted for inflation at the time of writing : A gilt copper alloy repoussé chitipati emblem, Mongolia, 19th century Expert remark: Compare the related repoussé work, gilding, and closely related subject. Note the larger size (51 cm).Auction result comparison:Type: Related Auction: Bonhams Paris, 10-16 December 2022, lot 322 Price: EUR 5,355 or approx. EUR 6,000 adjusted for inflation at the time of writing : A gilt copper alloy skull temple roundel, Tibet, 18th century Expert remark: Compare the related modeling, gilding, and closely related subject. Note the slightly larger size (35 cm).

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