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A LARGE MOTTLED GREEN JADE DISK, BI, NEOLITHIC PERIOD, 3RD MILLENNIUM BC
奥地利
06月27日 下午5点 开拍
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Description

A LARGE MOTTLED GREEN JADE DISK, BI, NEOLITHIC PERIOD, 3RD MILLENNIUM BC

China, ca. 3000-1700 BC. Of circular form with a central aperture drilled from both sides to form an encircling ridge. The opaque stone with varying hues of deep green with dark inclusions and patches of creamy calcification.

Provenance: Daniel Milano, Paris, France, 2000. Paolo Bertuzzi, acquired from the above. A copy of the original invoice from D Milano, dated 20 September 2000, addressed to Paolo Bertuzzi, and stating a purchase price for the present lot of EUR 2,500 or approx. EUR 3,700 (adjusted for inflation at the time of writing), accompanies this lot. Paolo Bertuzzi (1943-2022) was a fashion stylist from Bologna, Italy. He was the son of Enrichetta Bertuzzi, founder of Hettabretz, a noted Italian fashion company with customers such as the Rothschild family, Audrey Hepburn, and Elizabeth Taylor. Paolo Bertuzzi later took over his mother’s business and designed exclusive pieces, some of which were exhibited in the Costume Institute of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, USA. He was also an avid collector of antiques for more than sixty years. His collection includes both archaic and contemporary art, and he edited two important books about Asian art, Goa Made - An Archaeological Discovery, about a large-scale archaeological project carried out with the Italian and Indonesian governments, and Majapahit, Masterpieces from a Forgotten Kingdom.
Condition: Very good condition, commensurate with age, with wear, signs of weathering and erosion, and some nicks, scratches, and chips which have smoothened over time. The stone with natural inclusions.

Weight: 1,019 g
Dimensions: Diameter 23.5 cm

Bi disks, in general, are a type of jade which continued to be crafted in numbers by cultures located in central and northwest China during the transitional period between the Neolithic and Bronze Age. The majority of these disks range in size between ten and twenty centimeters, and larger ones are rare. Their size and weight, requiring both hands to hold them, suggest that these imposing disks were displayed and used in a ritual context. The hole is usually drilled from one side only: on larger disks, it is smoothed down and the traces of the tool marks are almost invisible.

Jade disks such as the current example have been thought to symbolize a connection between heaven and earth. This hypothesis has been solidified by the large number of examples found in ancient tombs of Chinese elite dating from the Neolithic to the Han Dynasty, also underscoring their significance as objects deemed important enough to accompany one to the afterlife. The Chinese character for jade, "玉" (yù), is even a pictural representation of three such disks suspended on a cord, an image that is also found in the Chinese character for king, "王" (wáng), which further emphasizes the precious nature and cultural significance of such disks.

Jean M. Green discusses the theory that “[…] the class of objects known as a discoidal spindle whorl and the bi are linked formally, historically, and contextually”, see Unraveling the Enigma of the Bi: The Spindle Whorl as the Model of the Ritual Disk, Asian Perspectives, vol. 32, no. 1, 1993, p. 105-124. The spindle whorl allowed early humans to twist loose fibers into yarn or thread, a crucial invention for the development of civilization and trade. For a complete jade spindle whorl, 4.3 cm diameter, dated to the early second period of the Liangzhu culture, see ibid., p. 107, pl. III.

Auction result comparison:
Type: Closely related
Auction: Christie’s New York, 24 September 2021, lot 702
Price: USD 25,000 or approx. EUR 26,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing
Description: A large mottled green jade bi disc, Southeast China, Neolithic period, 3rd millennium BC
Expert remark: Compare the closely related form and mottled green color. Note the size (22.9 cm).

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价格信息

拍品估价:500 - 1,000 欧元 起拍价格:500 欧元  买家佣金: 35.00%

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