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AN IMPERIAL MOLDED GOURD ‘SHOU’ SNUFF BOTTLE, QIANLONG SHANGWAN MARK AND OF THE PERIOD
奥地利 北京时间
2023年03月10日 开拍
拍品描述
AN IMPERIAL MOLDED GOURD ‘SHOU’ SNUFF BOTTLE, QIANLONG SHANGWAN MARK AND OF THE PERIOD
China, 1736-1795. Of square section and double-gourd form with a short cylindrical neck, the lower bulb with four main sides each enclosing shou medallions alternating with pairs of triangular panels, the upper bulb with four sides similarly molded with shou characters. The mouth rim neatly fitted with a tortoiseshell top platelet. The base with a molded Qianlong shangwan four-character mark which is only partly legible.

Provenance: From the collection of Chip and Muffy Matthews, St. Louis, USA. Churchill “Chip” Matthews, Jr. (1940-2021) and Martha “Muffy” Matthews were American collectors of Chinese snuff bottles who traveled extensively. Chip was a US army veteran, who founded the noted medical company Wrymark Inc. in 1989. In 2013, their private garden was featured by St. Louis Homes and Lifestyles as the ‘Garden of the Year’.
Condition:
Very good condition with extensive old wear as expected and some manufacturing irregularities, including the partially obscured Qianlong mark, and few tiny nicks.

Stopper: Gilt metal
Weight: 11.6 g
Dimensions: Height incl. stopper 94 mm. Diameter neck 17 mm and mouth 5 mm

Gourd vessels such as the present example were formed by placing a wooden mold around the young gourd and allowing the natural growth within these confines to form the shape and decoration. None of the decoration or the mark is cut by a knife, all is a mirror of the carved decoration within the mold. The earliest known use of such a technique appears to date to the Warring States period (480-221 BC). A gourd mouthpiece for a musical instrument was found in a Chu tomb in Changsha, Hunan province. Though 16th-century texts attest to the gourd-molding technique, the earliest extant examples appear to date to the reign of Kangxi.

The appreciation of gourd molding, which had flourished under the Kangxi Emperor, experienced a short revival during the Qianlong era where it was reserved for an exclusive group of gourd vessels commissioned by the Emperor himself for his personal enjoyment and collection.

Expert’s note: For further discussions on gourd vessels see W. Weng and Y. Boda, The Palace Museum: Peking, Treasures of the Forbidden City, p. 287, and H. Moss, Arts from the Scholar's Studio, nos. 91 and 92. Hugh M. Moss, ibidem, page 124, states, “The Kangxi and Qianlong periods mark the height of decorated gourds for the good reason that both Emperors were keen collectors. The Kangxi Emperor's enthusiasm is vouched for by his development of this humble art form in the palace, and is further endorsed by the demonstration of the Qianlong Emperor's interest, when he wrote a foreword to a poem entitled ‘In Praise of a Gourd Vessel’, as follows: “The manufacture of gourd vessels started in the Kangxi era when the Emperor ordered that gourds be grown into molds to produce bowls, jars, dishes, and boxes as required. The vessels are admirably natural and yet exquisite, something not possible by man alone.”

Literature comparison:
A larger Kangxi prototype and a Qianlong gourd vase of related form, are both illustrated in Wang Shixiang, The Charms of Chinese Gourd, Hong Kong, 1993, pls. 9 and 22 respectively.

Auction result comparison:
Type: Closely related
Auction: Sotheby’s London, 18 May 2018, lot 311
Price: GPB 7,500 or approx. EUR 10,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing
Description: A molded gourd ‘shou’ snuff bottle, Qianlong mark and period
Expert remark: Compare the closely related form and design. Note the near-identical size (8.8 cm excluding stopper) and that the mouth-rim of this bottle was fitted with later wood, probably to replace the original tortoiseshell platelet.



乾隆款及年代葫蘆形壽字紋鼻煙壺
中國,1736-1795年。方形切面,葫蘆形,圓柱短頸;上下四個側面都有壽字紋。口緣整齊,玳瑁蓋鈕。底部有“乾隆賞玩”四字款,非常模糊。

來源:美國聖路易士Chip 與Muffy Matthews收藏。Churchill "Chip" Matthews,Jr. (1940-2021年) 與 Martha "Muffy" Matthews 是來自美國的經驗豐富的中國鼻煙壺收藏家。Chip 是一名美國退伍軍人,他於 1989 年創立了著名的醫療公司 Wrymark Inc.。2013 年,他們的私人花園被聖路易士Homes和Lifestyles 雜志評為“年度花園”。
品相:
狀況極好,大量磨損和一些製造瑕疵,包括部分模糊的乾隆款,以及一些微小的刻痕。

壺蓋:鎏金金屬
重量:11.6 克
尺寸:含蓋高94 毫米,頸部直徑17 毫米與頸部直徑5 毫米

像本例這樣的葫蘆器是通過在小葫蘆周圍放置一個木模,讓小葫蘆在模內自然生長而形成特別的形狀和裝飾。紋飾和款識都不是用刀切割的,而是因爲模具內雕刻紋飾而形成的。這種技術的可以追溯到戰國時期(西元前 480-221 年)。湖南省長沙市楚墓出土了葫蘆形樂器。雖然十六世紀的文獻證明瞭葫蘆造型技術,但現存最早的例子可以追溯到康熙時期。盛於康熙年間的葫蘆造型在乾隆年間經歷了短暫的複興,專供皇帝個人欣賞和收藏。

文獻比較:
一件大型相近的康熙款葫蘆瓶和一件乾隆款葫蘆瓶,見Wang Shixiang,《The Charms of Chinese Gourd》,香港,1993年,編號9和22。

拍賣結果比較:
形制:非常相近
拍賣:倫敦蘇富比,2018年5月18日,lot 311
價格:GPB 7,500(相當於今日EUR 10,000
描述:清乾隆匏製棱萬壽紋鼻煙壺 《乾隆賞玩》款
專家評論:比較非常相近的外形和設計。請注意幾乎相同的尺寸(8.8 厘米含蓋),以及此鼻煙壺的口沿裝的是後來的木頭,可能是為了取代原來的龜甲片。

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