Category：Export Condition Report：花纹磨损, minor wear on the pattern Description (Traditional Chinese)：China, Qing dynasty
Dimensions: 6" (15.24cm) Dia
Porcelain deep plate with underglaze blue painting and overglaze multicolored crests at center.
Provenance: Galerie Du Louvre, Montreal , Canada
來源：Galerie Du Louvre, 蒙特利爾，加拿大
徽章葵口盤(Porterfield家族) Porterfield為英格蘭古姓，此姓最早發現於英格蘭西南一個名叫Cornwall(康沃爾)的小郡，當時他們在那裡已經組建了一個家族。由於此家族在公元1066年的黑斯廷戰役中的傑出援助，被諾曼底的William公爵授予土地，成為一方貴族。 17世紀時，此家族部分族人開始遷移到北美。此家族的徽章與現存可考徽章都已不盡相同，但始終沒有變化的是盾牌中的雄鹿、號角，和徽章上方飄揚的絲帶，上書Porterfield家族的座右銘：“Sub Pondere Sursum”，意思大約是“在任何負載壓迫下我都敢向上看”，表達了其家族不屈的鬥志和品格。
中國外銷瓷歷史久遠，包括元代之前海陸運出的早期貿易外銷瓷，明清外商來華收購訂購訂造的外銷瓷，還有燒製水平與官窯瓷器相差無幾、由國外皇家貴族特訂的徽章瓷器，也叫紋章瓷。
作為中國古代“外銷瓷”的一種，紋章瓷屬於“來樣加工”的“訂燒瓷”，由景德鎮的工匠們按照歐洲訂購商提供的種類、造型、式樣、紋飾、工期等進行彩繪燒製，既有中國傳統製瓷工藝的特點，又能反映出當時西歐典雅的裝飾風格，由於印有歐洲貴族家族的徽章，故亦稱“徽章瓷”。
從明朝嘉靖年間開始，歐洲就向中國開始訂購紋章瓷了。而到了清康熙年間，外銷的紋章瓷達到了鼎盛。很多的王公貴族、富商巨賈、公司團體都紛紛托當時著名的東印度公司到中國來訂購一些中華紋章瓷。
康熙年間的紋章瓷主要是彩色的紋章瓷和青花紋章瓷兩種。至雍正統治時期，粉彩紋章瓷開始佔據主流地位，彩繪產地也從原來的景德鎮轉向了外貿重地廣州，通常從景德鎮買了尚好的白胎瓷，然後帶到廣州根據不同外商的喜好和要求進行燒製。廣州生產的釉上彩瓷被稱為“廣彩”。
徽章瓷器的特點是圖案繁縟艷麗。因採用大量的描金，所以在視覺上給人一種富麗堂皇之感，所以又被稱呼為“織金彩”。清乾隆時期是“廣彩”的極盛時期，到了清晚期，因各國自己生產的紋章瓷也逐漸精美起來，中國紋章瓷的外銷量漸漸減少。
當下，歐洲、北美各大博物館和許多私人收藏家都珍藏有部分中國紋章瓷。西方學者們還將這種獨特的瓷器遺珍與他們的檔案文獻相結合，深入挖掘出紋章瓷所蘊涵的豐富歷史文化內涵，形成了“紋章學”。比如2003年，英國人大衛·霍華德將自己近30年的研究成果集結出版，即《中國紋章瓷》（第二卷）。相比較而言，中國這個紋章瓷的原產地似乎沒有對這種外銷瓷留下有關訂購者、燒製年代及其圖案的中文記載。
如今，紋章瓷在國外的身價日益高漲。 2005年初，佳士得拍賣舉行的一次中國外銷藝術品專場拍賣會上，一對18世紀40年代製的帶菲利普五世紋章圖案的外銷瓷以30．72萬美元創下當時紋章瓷拍賣成交價的“吉尼斯紀錄”。 2008年，在倫敦的一場拍賣會上，一對18世紀的繪有西班牙貴族奧喬亞家族徽章的粉彩描金魚形湯盆也以62．4萬英鎊的高價成交。
清乾隆出口 青花五彩徽章葵口盤
---以下为第三方软件翻译，仅供参考---
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