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A GOLD-MOUNTED SILVER FUNERARY MASK, UGRIC-MAGYAR, KAMA RIVER BASIN, 9TH-11TH CENTURY
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04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /15天2小时
拍品描述
A GOLD-MOUNTED SILVER FUNERARY MASK, UGRIC-MAGYAR, KAMA RIVER BASIN, 9TH-11TH CENTURYPublished: Martin Doustar, Brussels, website.Russia, Perm Krai. The oval mask, slightly concave in section, fashioned from a thin sheet of hammered silver. The abstracted visage centered by a prominent nose pierced with two nostrils and framed by cut-out eyes and mouth, each bordered with folded gold foil along the edges. The contour of the mask encircled by a row of raised repoussé bosses, subtly articulating the line of the chin. With a pair of small holes drilled at either side intended for suspension.Provenance: The collection of Martin Doustar, Brussels. Martin Doustar is a Brussels-based art dealer and collector whose career spans more than two decades. He began his professional journey in the early 2000s with a focus on Modern Art, developing a keen interest in the ways early twentieth-century artists were influenced by 'primitive' art from Africa and Oceania. Over time, his connoisseurship expanded into archaeological and ethnographic fields, with particular expertise in the ancient arts of the Pacific, Africa, and pre-Columbian America, while also encompassing Asian material culture and modern masterpieces. He is the author of numerous scholarly catalogues and has organized thematic exhibitions on a wide range of subjects.Condition: Good condition with expected wear, casting irregularities, tarnish to silver, light warping, minute dents, shallow surface scratches. Rich, naturally developed, warm patina.Weight: 98.2 g (excl. stand), 470.5 g (incl. stand)Dimensions: Heigth 18.8 cm (excl. stand), 25.3 cm (incl. stand)With an associated metal stand. (2)Funerary masks were usually fabricated out of silver fragments recovered from earlier silver vessels such as Sassanian dishes imported or traded into the Volga-Magyar region. This metal had a highly symbolic meaning for the Ugric-Magyar people and was much sought after. Some gold samples were also uncovered, although they remain extremely scarce. This exceptional example is quite unique as it was made out of a very thick silver foil and outlined with gold elements around the eyes and mouth. This distinctive embellishment intended only for the wealthy predominantly male military equestrian elite.Silver masks of this type were fashioned from hammered sheet, from which the facial contour, eyes, nostrils and mouth were cut out. The size of full face masks ranged from approximately 10 to 20 centimeters in height. In particular, embossing was used to shape the nose and eyebrows, sometimes combined with engraving or niello. The application of rounded bulges along the outer rim and around the eyes and mouth, probably served to emphasize them. Facial hair such as a moustache or beard, were regularly shown by means of this technique and are a representation of the deceased. Practically all the masks have two to eight punched holes along the edge intended for fixing it on fabric that covered the face.The Perm Cis-Urals is a vast geographical area within the modern Perm Krai located on the western slopes of the Middle and Northern Urals. A part of this region is considered to be the ancestral homeland of the Magyars (Hungarians) from Central Europe. It is believed by a significant portion of the scientific establishment that the Magyars were present within the framework of the Lomovatov culture, a mixed Finno-Ugric population, in the Kama river basin during the Middle Ages. In the 9th century some of the Magyar tribes did not take part in the migration to the West and the 'Eastern Magyars' remained until the 12th-13th century in the Cis-Urals. The 10th-11th century funeral rite of these Magyars is characterized, among other things, by the presence of silver funeral face coverings in predominantly male warrior graves, the (equestrian) military elite.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related Magyar silver burial mask, from the Upper Kama River Basin, Perm Krai, dated 9th-11th century, illustrated by Ron Bronckers, Paleo-Inuit Tattoos on Uralic Masks: a Mesolithic Heritage, 23 April 2024. Compare a closely related silver and gold burial mask, from Cherdynsky District, Perm Krai, dated 9th-11th century, illustrated by Grusenmeyer Woliner on their website. For comparable silver and gold mask fragments, see Fodor Istvan, Ancient Burial Masks, Hungarian burial tradition of Eastern Origin, Magyar Nemzeti Museum, Budapest, 2013, figs. 40 and 44.Auction result comparison: Type: Closely related Auction: Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 12 April 2025, lot 190 Mid-Estimate: EUR 18,500 : Burial mask - Cis-Ural, Perm, Kama River, Evenki Expert remark: Compare the closely related form, craftsmanship, and size (18.5 cm).

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