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A LARGE AND RARE PAINTING OF THE EIGHT MATRIKAS, NEPAL, KATHMANDU VALLEY, 18TH TO EARLY 19TH CENTURY
奥地利
04月17日 下午5点 开拍 /15天2小时
拍品描述
Meticulously painted on cotton, the eight matrikas seated on the laps of their multi-armed wrathful consorts, their respective mounts at their feet, depicting (from left to right) Brahmani riding a swan, Narasimhi with a lion, Kaumari riding a peacock, Vaishnavi on Garuda, Varahi on a buffalo, Indrani with an elephant, Chamunda atop a corpse, and Chandika on a lion.Provenance: With Deborah Ashencaen and Gennady Leonov Himalayan Art. Collection of Nicholas Squire, Suffolk, United Kingdom, acquired from the above in 2002. A copy of an invoice from Deborah Ashencaen and Gennady Leonov Himalayan Art, dated 3 December 2002, confirming the dating above, and stating a purchase price of GBP 1,900 or approx. EUR 4,100 (converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing). Nicholas John Squire (1949-2024) was a British solicitor who assembled a fine collection Buddhist and Himalayan art, acquired in the 1990s through Spink & Son and Ashencaen & Leonov.Condition: Fair condition with extensive wear, soiling, creasing and folds, flaking to pigments, losses, small tears, and some stains. Touchups and reinforcements throughout.Dimensions: Image size 35 X 175 cm, Size incl. frame 46 X 186 cmA group of goddesses usually depicted together, the Saptamatrikas, meaning 'seven mothers' in Sanskrit, are believed to be emanations of Devi, or the Great Goddess, and symbolize different aspects of the divine feminine energy, or shakti. The goddesses are ascribed a number of qualities, which include protection, destruction, and benevolence. Six of the seven goddesses are also considered emanations of a god, who can be considered the divine male counterpart or purusha, and they are depicted with the same weapons and mounts as the gods. Occasionally, the goddesses are depicted as a larger group of eight or nine, with the presence of Maha Lakshmi, Chandika, Narasimhi or Vinayaki.The Saptamatrikas hold great significance in the goddess-oriented sects of Hinduism and Tantrism. In Shaktism, they are believed to have aided Shakta Devi in her fight with the asuras. In Puranic literature, they appear in order to aid Shiva in his battle against the demon, Andhaka. In the Devi Mahatmya, the Saptamatrikas perform a similar function and help Durga vanquish the demon, Raktabija. The seven goddesses are also connected with the worship of the warrior god Kartikeya.The earliest mention of the Saptamatrikas appears in the Markandeya Purana, dated to between the fourth and sixth centuries, and their iconographic features have been described in several Puranic and Agamic texts, the Devi Mahatmya and also the in the Mahabharata. The earliest sculptures of the Saptamatrika are from the Kushana period, dating back to the third century BC. These figures emphasise the maternal as well as destructive characteristics of the Saptamatrikas. A more complex iconographic representation of the group became common during the early medieval period, between the fourth and sixth centuries. During this time, the Saptamatrikas were recognized as goddesses who patronized the royal courts and the Gupta rulers had them carved on royal monuments in order to strengthen the loyalty and adherence of their armies. Other dynasties that commissioned Saptamatrika imagery include the Gurjara-Pratiharas, the Chandellas, and the Chalukyas. The Saptamatrikas also appear in artwork from the eleventh century, including in Rajasthani miniature paintings, as well as in paintings from regional schools of Nepali art.Literature comparison:Compare a related Mantra Ratnakara depicting matrikas, Nepal, dated c. 1879, in the National Museum of Asian Art, accession number S1991.160. Compare a related painting of the goddess Ambika leading the mother goddesses in battle against the demon Raktabija, folio from a Devimahatmya (Glory of the Goddess), Nepal, Kathmandu Valley, dated c. 1725-1750, in the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, accession number M.70.70. Compare a related manuscript cover for a copy of a Dharani Samgraha, dated c. 1650-1700, in the National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian Institution, accession number S2000.88.1-2.Auction result comparison: Type: RelatedAuction: Christie's New York, 20 March 2012, lot 135Price: USD 27,500 or approx. EUR 32,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A small painting of Varahi, Nepal, 14th centuryExpert remark: Note the smaller size (22.2 x 13.9 cm) and earlier date. Note also that this painting is probably a fragment of a Saptamatrika painting.

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