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A VERY LARGE AND IMPORTANT LIMESTONE 'LONG-NECK' STELE OF SHAKYAMUNI, AVALOKITESHVARA, AND
奥地利
04月16日 下午5点 开拍 /14天1小时
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MAHASTHAMAPRAPTA, NORTHERN WEI DYNASTY (386-534)Expert's note: The stele not only exemplifies the characteristic features of Northern Wei sculpture at its height but surpasses all comparable works in the refinement of its execution. Its markedly elongated necks and attenuated proportions push the style to an extreme. Michael Weisbrod personally regarded it as one of the finest objects in his collection at the time; for this reason, it was retained as a private centerpiece and never published. The extensive cold gilding postdates the sculpture itself and was renewed at different times over many centuries, as is typical for Buddhist devotional stelae.China, early 6th century. Superbly carved, the votive stele depicts Shakyamuni at the center, flanked by the Avalokitesvara to his right and Mahasthamaprapta to the left clasping his hands in anjali mudra. Each figure is supported by an open lotus blossom and backed by the large mandorla which is incised with delicate lotus blossoms and a pair of apsaras gliding above their heads.Provenance: Weisbrod Chinese Art, New York, USA, acquired circa in the 1990s and held until 2007. Thereafter in an art storage facility in New Jersey, and deaccessioned in 2025. Michael B. Weisbrod is a noted scholar of Chinese art, who has published extensively on the subject over a time span of more than 50 years. In 1972, Michael joined his father Dr. Gerald Weisbrod's Asian art gallery in Toronto, Canada. The father-and-son team opened their New York location on Madison Avenue in 1977, and during the next 45 years the gallery held a significant number of exhibitions, selling to museums and private collectors across the globe, eventually adding further locations in Shanghai and Hong Kong. Condition: Expected wear, distinct signs of weathering and erosion, obvious losses, chips, scratches, extensive remnants of gilt, some ancient pigment and remnants of old varnish. The halo with cracks and corresponding old fills. Overall in remarkably good condition and displaying exceptionally well.Weight: 388 kg (incl. stand) Dimensions: Height 141 cm (excl. stand and tang), 157 cm (incl. stand)Mounted to a modern stand. (2)The sculptural and stylistic features of the present stele are consistent with Northern Wei dynasty production. Characteristic elements include the gently sloping shoulders and elongated, slender necks of the figures, hallmarks of Buddhist sculpture from the Jingming and Zhengshi periods of the early 6th century.The three figures are enveloped in a softly draped kasaya covering both shoulders, its cascading folds rendered with greater thickness and elegance than those seen on earlier examples. Bodhisattvas are shown wearing flower-petal crowns and flowing capes that pass over the shoulders, curve around the elbows, and billow outward, with trailing ribbons extending behind the head. The lotus bases supporting the Bodhisattvas are also typical of the Northern Wei period, reflecting the departure from earlier Gandharan lion-on-lotus bases. Additionally, the decoration of the mandorla demonstrates a technical shift characteristic of the period, transitioning from flat relief carving to more refined linear incision.The origins of Buddhist steles are traceable to two closely connected historical developments, both documented at the cave temple sites of Yungang and Longmen during the last decades of the fifth century: the rise of Buddhist devotional societies and the first adaptation of the stone tablet form for Buddhist use (see D. C. Wong, Chinese Steles, Pre-Buddhist and Buddhist Use of a Symbolic Form, Honolulu, 2004, p. 43). Steles played a crucial role in the development of regional religious art and the rapid dissemination of Buddhism in Northern Wei China. In Mahayana thought, the production of images of the Buddha was regarded as an act of merit benefiting both patron and artisan. Groups of lay devotees often pooled resources to commission stone steles such as the present example. The representation of a central Buddha flanked by two attendants or bodhisattvas became a hallmark of Northern Wei devotional art, reflecting interpretations of Mahayana teachings and scriptural sources such as the Lotus Sutra, which circulated widely in China by the sixth century.According to the Lotus Sutra, the apsaras are protectors of the Buddha and of doctrine. These creatures were frequently portrayed in Buddhist cave temples from at least 420 and grew in popularity during the late Northern Wei and Eastern Wei periods.Expert's Note on Stone Analysis:Material analysis carried out by SEM reveals a stratified structure comprising three distinct phases. The lower section consists of a calcareous stone substrate exhibiting identical micro-weathering characteristics along the cutting line and across the exposed surface, with no observable alteration gradient, supporting prolonged and uniform environmental exposure. Above this lies a heterogeneous layer composed of various mineral particulates embedded within an organic matrix. The surface further presents carbon-rich material incorporating small copper-alloy fragments. SEM examination confirms their integration within the surface layer; however, these fragments may derive either from burial-related accretions or from later conservation interventions. Overall, the observed material phases and weathering patterns are technically coherent with long-term aging and are compatible with a Wei dynasty stone sculpture.Literature comparison: Compare a closely related limestone stele, with similar long necks and sloping shoulders, dated 505 by inscription, 188 cm high, in the Saint Louis Art Museum, object number 38:1936. Compare a closely related limestone stele, dated 533 by inscription, 170.2 cm high, in the Asian Art Museum, San Francisco, object number B60S44+. Compare a related limestone stele of Buddha Shakyamuni with similar elongated neck, dated to the early 6th century, 137 cm high, in the Museum Rietberg, Zurich, inventory number RCH 106.Auction result comparison:Type: RelatedAuction: Christie's New York, 18 March 2009, lot 357Price: USD 1,728,900 or approx. EUR 2,220,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A very rare and important painted white marble Buddhist votive steleNorthern Qi dynastyExpert remark: Compare the related modeling and manner of carving with similar arch, pose, and dress. Note the size (169.8 cm) and slightly later dating.Auction result comparison:Type: RelatedAuction: Sotheby's London, 2 November 2022, lot 211Price: GBP 252,000 or approx. EUR 339,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A rare and important sandstone Buddhist stele, Eastern Wei dynastyExpert remark: Compare the related modeling and manner of carving with similar composition and treatment of the gowns. Note the size (83 cm) and slightly later dating.

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