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A RARE SET OF EIGHT MINIATURE THANGKA DEPICTING THE TEN WRATHFUL KINGS, TIBET, 17TH-18TH CENTURY
奥地利
04月16日 下午5点 开拍 /14天2小时
拍品描述
Published & Exhibited: Spink & Son, The Mirror of Mind: Art of Vajrayana Buddhism, London, 9-30 June 1995, cat. no. 36.Expert's note:The Ten Wrathful Kings depicted on the eight thangkas belong to the Vajrakila mandala. It is a unique group of paintings. Normally these deities are depicted as members of various mandalas, but very seldom as a separate and independent group. Some of the Wrathful Kings do appear in texts and iconographic forms as individual deities, playing the roles of yidams or as protective deities engaged in ritual activities, or again acting as principal deities of their own mandalas. This particular iconographic expression of the Ten Wrathful Kings seems to be the only one known at the present time. Gold and distemper on cloth. Each of the Ten Wrathful Kings has three heads and six arms. The upper and lower pairs of hands hold various implements, and the middle pair of hands hold phurbus. Each of the Wrathful Kings is united in the tantric embrace (yab-yum) with his consort, and accompanied by flesh-eating animal-headed monsters (pishaci).Provenance: Spink & Son, London, 1995. Collection of Nicholas Squire, Suffolk, United Kingdom, acquired from the above and thence by descent. Nicholas John Squire (1949-2024) was a British solicitor who assembled a fine collection Buddhist and Himalayan art, acquired in the 1990s through Spink & Son and Ashencaen & Leonov.Condition: Good condition with expected wear, little soiling, creasing with associated minor flaking to pigments and old touchups here and there. The outer edges pierced for mounting. The frame in very good condition with minor wear and traces of use.Dimensions: Image size 20.5 x 16.8 cm (each), Size framed 55 x 84 cmMatted and framed behind glass. The frame is finely lacquered in silver and gold. (9)The Ten Wrathful Ones (dashakrodha or kbro bo beu), also referred to as the Ten Wrathful Kings, constitute a group of fierce deities who are often included among the principal entourage in a number of mandalas. Their names and appearances, and occasionally their number, are not always the same in all the texts and mandalas in which they are described and depicted. The incorporation of the Ten Wrathful Kings in the Buddhist pantheon coincides with the emergence of Buddhist Tantric texts and practices in around the sixth century. In all mandalas the Ten Kings are positioned towards the ten directions and their main function is to act as the agents of destruction of all kinds of evil forces and, in particular, as subduers of the non-Buddhist deities.The eight miniature thangkas depict:1. The white Krodhavijaya and his consort trample on Indra while the dark blue Krodhahumkara and his consort trample on Brahma. Below these two Wrathful Kings, from left to right, there are four animal-headed monsters with the heads of a pig, a lizard, a tiger, and a vulture.2. On the left there is the red Hayagriva with his consort Vajracandali. They trample on Varuna, the Lord of the Nagas. Next to him is the smoke-colored Mahabala with his consort. They trample on the Lord of the Earth, Bhumipati. Below these two kings are four animal-headed monsters with the heads of a cat, a hoopoe bird, a tawny bear, and a rat.3. The white Yamantaka with his consort Shmashanapati trampling on Yama, the Lord of Death. To their right and left there are two animal-headed monsters with the heads of a stag and an owl.4. The dark green Amritakundalin and his consort Vayuvega trampling on Kubera, the King of the Yakshas. To their right and left there are two animal-headed monsters with the heads of a lion and a bat.5. The blue Niladanda and his consort Vajrasena trampling on Agni. To their right and left there are two animal-headed monsters with the heads of a yak and a crow.6. The blue-green Acala and his consort Vajramushika trampling on Narita, the King of the Rakshasas. To their right and left there are two monsters with the heads of a leopard and a raven.7. The dark red Trailokyavijaya and his consort trampling on the powerful Ishana and accompanied by two monsters with the heads of a hyena and a weasel.8. The light green Aparajita and his consort trampling on Vayu. To their right and left there are two monsters with the heads of a wolf (or jackal) and a dog.

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