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国内拍卖首页 > Galerie Zacke > 亚洲艺术集珍 - 第一天 > Lot 0037
AN IMPORTANT MAHAPARINIRVANA STUPA, 51 CM HIGH, TIBET, 14TH CENTURY, EX ULRICH VON SCHROEDER
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04月16日 下午5点 开拍 /14天1小时
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Expert's note: This exceptional bronze model of a stupa (chorten) distinguishes itself from most examples due to its exceptional height of 51 cm, the precision of its casting, including the finely articulated lotus petals around the base and below its spired parasol. The stupa also survives in a magnificent condition with a buttery, naturally grown patina overall.The domed, bell-shaped body rising from a wide double-lotus frieze with beaded rims and supporting the stepped harmika, surmounted by the yasti with thirteen tiers of circular chattris and canopy, topped by the Mahaparinirvana sun-and-moon finial over a lotus bud with swirling sash.The base remains originally sealed with a copper plate finely incised to the center with a double-vajra.Provenance: The Ulrich von Schroeder Collection, acquired in 2005. The base with a label from the Ulrich von Schroeder Collection, inscribed '2005 24'. A distinguished art historian and collector, Ulrich von Schroeder (b. 1943) is one of the most influential figures in the study of Himalayan art. Inspired by his great-great-uncle, the Indologist Leopold von Schroeder, he first traveled to Nepal at age 22, initiating a lifelong commitment to the study and documentation of Himalayan artistic traditions. Frustrated by the inconsistent dating and stylistic attributions in art publications of the 1960s and 1970s, von Schroeder undertook a rigorous four-year study that culminated in the 1981 publication of Indo-Tibetan Bronzes, the first comprehensive chronology of Tibetan metal sculpture. This was followed by his two-volume magnum opus, Buddhist Sculptures in Tibet (2001), documenting over 1,000 bronzes in previously inaccessible monasteries, and Nepalese Stone Sculptures (2019), a monumental survey of nearly 3,000 Hindu and Buddhist stone sculptures in Nepal. To this day, von Schroeder's publications remain the only reliable encyclopedias on their subjects.Condition: Very good condition with expected wear and casting irregularities. Scattered nicks and scratches, few small dings. An old repair to the base of the parasol and minor losses to the parasol's pendants.Weight: 3,039 g Dimensions: Height 51.5 cmSymbolic of Buddha's mahaparinirvana (lit. 'great decease'), the present stupa is topped with a sun and crescent moon—a cosmic visual synecdoche for the universal source of enlightenment, from which all things come and into which all enlightened beings dissolve. One of the most important elements of a stupa, the yasti, represents the axis that connects heaven and earth. The circular umbrellas or chattris signify the supremacy of the whole structure, implying royalty and dignity, and also symbolizing the sacred Tree of Life or enlightenment.This style of stupa, characterized by a bell-shaped body supporting a square balcony from which a tapering spire of thirteen disks rises, is known as Kadam or Kadampa, associating it with the early Buddhist school which the Gelug claimed to revive in the 15th century. The Kadampa order's founder, Atisha (982-1054), a monk from ancient Bengal, is credited with introducing the stupa to Tibet. The Kadampa stupa borrows from earlier Indian models of ancient Bengal's Pala period (see a small example in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, object number 1982.460.3). Atisha spent the last ten years of his life in residence at Nyethang Drolma monastery where a massive example (322 cm high) has been preserved (see Michael Henss, Buddhist Art in Tibet, Ulm, 2008, p. 80). Stupas are made to hold precious relics of the Buddha or other important religious leaders, as well as symbolic relics of the Buddha's teachings (dharma). In India stupas were originally hemispherical mounds, but gradually they evolved into more complex forms. Stupas can be found in all sizes throughout the Himalayas, marking important locations. People walk around them, performing a circumambulation, often while turning prayer wheels. Activities such as reciting mantras and walking around stupas, temples, or other sacred sites are believed to increase a person's merit. Over time they assumed many forms, including scaled-down versions in metal, which serve the same function of housing holy relics, but whose higher purpose in a Buddhist monastery is to evoke the presence of the Buddha and his teachings.Literature comparison:Compare a closely related kadampa stupa with near identical proportions and iconographic vocabulary, dated to the 14th century, 71.1 cm high, in the Rubin Museum of Art, object number C2003.12.2. Compare a group of four closely related kadampa stupas, dated between the 11th and 13th centuries, the largest 192 cm, preserved inside a temple at Mindrolling Monastery, U-Tsang, and illustrated by Ulrich von Schroeder, Buddhist Sculptures in Tibet, vol. 1, Hong Kong, 2001, p. 365, fig. IV-6. Compare a closely related brass stupa, dated mid-15th century, 50.8 cm high, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, object number 2016.21.2.Auction result comparison: Type: Closely relatedAuction: Christie's New York, 12 October 2004, lot 96Price: USD 45,410 or approx. EUR 72,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A Tibetan bronze Stupa, 13th-14th centuryExpert remark: Compare the closely related modeling and structure. Note the similar size of 52 cm.Auction result comparison: Type: Closely relatedAuction: Bonhams New York, 16 March 2021, lot 307Price: USD 37,813 or approx. EUR 39,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A copper alloy Mahaparinirvana stupa, Tibet, circa 14th centuryExpert remark: Compare the closely related modeling and structure. Note the much smaller smaller size (30.9 cm).

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