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A SANDSTONE FIGURE OF THE BUDDHA, ANGKOR WAT STYLE, 13TH-14TH CENTURY
奥地利
12月16日 晚上6点 开拍 /6天18小时
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Description

A SANDSTONE FIGURE OF THE BUDDHA, ANGKOR WAT STYLE, 13TH-14TH CENTURY

Expert’s note: Although Angkor Wat was originally conceived as a Hindu temple dedicated to Vishnu under King Suryavarman II in the early twelfth century, the site later became one of the most important centers of Buddhist devotion in Cambodia. The temple’s original sculptural program—dominated by scenes from the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and the churning of the ocean of milk—contains no images of the Buddha.
However, by the late twelfth century, during the reign of Jayavarman VII, Cambodia experienced a profound religious transformation as Mahāyāna Buddhism supplanted Brahmanical Hinduism as the state religion. At Angkor Wat, this shift gradually manifested through the addition of Buddha images and Bodhisattvas, especially Avalokite?vara (known locally as Lokeshvara). Some earlier Hindu deities were reinterpreted or even re-carved as Buddhist figures, reflecting the seamless religious syncretism typical of Khmer art.
From the fourteenth century onward, with the spread of Theravāda Buddhism, Angkor Wat became a fully functioning Buddhist monastery. Numerous sculptures of the Buddha in meditation and earth-touching postures were installed in galleries and corridors, transforming what was once a Vishnuite sanctuary into a living Buddhist shrine.
Today, the temple stands as a palimpsest of Khmer spirituality—its architecture Hindu in conception, but its current devotional life deeply Buddhist.

Khmer Empire. Powerfully sculpted, seated in dhyanasana atop a cushion, his hands lowered in dhyana mudra, dressed in a neatly incised short sampot, the face with downcast eyes in a benevolent expression, flanked by elongated earlobes with pendeloque earrings. The hair pulled into a conical chignon and secured with a wide tiara.

Provenance: From the private collection of Marie Louise Alexienne Vanleew (1929-2024), Belgium, and thence by direct descent to her grandson, the present owner of this lot.
Condition: Very good condition, commensurate with age. Wear, small losses, natural fissures, scattered chips, nicks and scratches, signs of weathering and erosion, and encrustations.

Weight: 71 kg (incl. stand)
Dimensions: Height 66.6 cm (excl. stand), 67.5 cm (incl. stand)

Angkor Wat, erected by King Suryavarman II (r. 1113 - circa 1150), the great ruler of the Khmer empire, was built both as the royal temple complex dedicated to the Hindu deity Vishnu and as the ruler’s personal mausoleum. The magnitude of this building program underscored the intention of the King to establish his authority and strength as a leader. By linking himself directly to Vishnu, the deity associated with restoring cosmic order, he legitimized his spiritual and worldly power. This is captured aesthetically in the sturdy figural proportions and powerfully frontal images created during his time, evident here in this present sculpture of Vishnu.

The style of Angkor Wat harkens back to the earlier styles of the Koh Ker and Pre Rup traditions of the tenth century, rather than the preceding style of the Baphuon period. Lerner states that for a “ruler concerned with martial campaigns and responsible for such a gigantic personal monument as Angkor Wat, the Baphuon figural style may have appeared too consciously unheroic and sensuous.” (see Martin Lerner, Ancient Khmer Sculpture, New York, 1994, p. 46). Instead, rather than soft contours, each element has weight. The sampot, for example, is made of thick material.

Literature comparison:
Compare a related sandstone figure of Avalokiteshvara, Angkor Wat style, dated to the 12th century, in the Angkor National Museum.

Auction result comparison:
Type: Closely related
Auction: Christie’s Amsterdam, 21 May 2003, lot 690
Price: EUR 8,365 or approx. EUR 14,000 adjusted for inflation at the time of writing
Description: A Khmer, Angkor Vat style, sandstone male figure, 12th-13th century
Expert remark: Compare the closely related modeling and similar posture, jewelry, and headdress. Note the size (58 cm).

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拍品估价:2,000 - 4,000 欧元 起拍价格:2,000 欧元  买家佣金: 30.00%

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