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A RARE LACQUERED BRONZE FIGURE OF VAISHRAVANA, YUNNAN, 13TH-14TH CENTURY
奥地利
2025年10月16日 开拍
拍品描述
Scientific Analysis Report: A thermoluminescence analysis report issued by Oxford Authentication on 3 March 2025, based on sample number C125b47, sets the firing date of both samples taken between 500 and 750 years ago, consistent with the dating above. A copy of the report accompanies this lot.China, late Kingdom of Dali to Yuan period. Superbly cast, the figure standing in a dynamic pose with his hand clasped in loose fists to the chest, dressed in an elaborate armor and celestial scarf, the cold-painted face with a stern expression, wide bulging eyes below furrowed brows, red-painted lips in a tight smile, all above the scrolling beard that flows in the wind, the hair tied neatly away from the face and secured with ribbons with billowing sashes.Inscriptions: To the back, 'Sun Zhang'.Provenance: From a European private collection.Condition: Very good condition with expected wear, casting irregularities, traces of weathering, minor losses to exposed areas, flaking and losses to lacquer and gilt, the pegs below the feet reinforced, the upper back and left leg each with a small drilled hole from sample-taking. The bronze with a rich, naturally grown, orange-brown patina that is highly characteristic of later Dali bronzes, which have been found to be high in arsenic.Weight: 1,635 gDimensions: Height 20 cm (excl. stand), 22.2 cm (incl. stand)Mounted on an associated stand. (2)This sculpture dates to the 13th or 14th century, a period associated with the final phase of the Dali cultural tradition in what is now Yunnan province. Though the Dali Kingdom was formally conquered by the Mongols in 1253, its royal descendants continued to govern the region as tusi (hereditary native chieftains) under Yuan dynasty rule. An independent, devoutly Buddhist kingdom in southwestern China, Dali had coexisted with the Song dynasty and maintained cordial relations with it, fostering artistic and cultural exchange. Unlike its predecessor state Nanzhao, which had had a contentious relationship with the Tang dynasty, Dali's claimed Han Chinese identity helped solidify diplomatic ties with the Song and supports the view of Dali as a Chinese kingdom. The sculpture thus reflects the persistence of Dali's cultural and religious identity beyond the fall of the kingdom itself.The bronze represents the lokapala Vaishravana, one of the Four Heavenly Kings residing in the temporal world to guard the four cardinal points and protect the Buddhist Law (dharma), his cardinal direction being the North. Guardian figures were originally placed on the four sides of stupas, guarding the Buddhist relics inside, but bronze sculptures of this form would have been produced for temples and principal places of worship. The present figure is related in form and poise to Tang Dynasty lokapalas or guardian deities, usually set up in pairs to protect the tomb of a high-ranking official or dignitary. The fierce expression and military uniform suggest that the same basic function of guarding and protecting was intended for this striking figure. Woodblock prints of Vaishravana survive from the Five Dynasties period, reflecting the fear of being invaded by barbarians from the north. See a woodblock print depicting Vaishravana, dated by inscription to 947, found in Cave 17 at Dunhuang, now in the British Museum, registration number 1919,0101,0.245. Literature comparison:Compare a related earlier Dali gilt-bronze figure of the Guardian Protector of the East, dated 11th-12th century, 15.6 cm high, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, object number 2001.77. Compare a related gilt-lacquered bronze figure of Mahakala, dated to the 13th century, from a private collection and illustrated by Jeff Watt on Himalayan Art Resources, item number 8380.Auction result comparison: Type: Related Auction: Sotheby's New York, 11 September 2019, lot 786 Estimate: USD 60,000 or approx. EUR 65,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing : A rare gilt-lacquer bronze figure of Kuixing, Dali Kingdom, 12th century Expert remark: Compare the closely related modeling and lacquer gilding with strikingly similar facial features. Note the different subject and size (39 cm). This bronze was later sold in these rooms, 16 October 2021, lot 368 (dated to the Song dynasty, 12th century), for approx. EUR 34,000 (adjusted for inflation at the time of writing).Auction result comparison: Type: Related Auction: Bonhams Hong Kong, 30 November 2022, lot 1034 Estimate: HKD 600,000 or approx. EUR 69,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing : A gilt lacquer copper alloy figure of Avalokiteshvara, Dali Kingdom, circa 12th century Expert remark: Compare the related modeling and lacquer gilding with similar celestial scarf. Note the similar size (17.5 cm).Auction result comparison: Type: RelatedAuction: Koller Zurich, 5 December 2017, lot 118Price: CHF 72,500 or approx. EUR 84,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A partly lacquer-gilt bronze figure of the four armed Mahakala, China, Dali Kingdom, 12th-13th centuryExpert remark: Compare the related modeling and lacquer gilding with similar wrathful expression. Note the size (30 cm).

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拍品估价:2,400 - 5,000 欧元 起拍价格:2,400 欧元  买家佣金:

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