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A GILT BRONZE FIGURE OF THE GUARDIAN KING ZENGZHANG TIANWANG (VIRDUHAKA), MING DYNASTY
奥地利
2025年10月16日 开拍
拍品描述
China, 1368-1644. The figure is finely cast with legs slightly apart in a powerful stance, wearing an elaborate armor secured about the waist under a long flowing robe, and flowing celestial scarves billowing above the head and trailing to the ground, with his arms raised to tightly clasp a spear.His chest and leg armor, gauntlets, the hems and flaps of his robe, and his boots are richly detailed with chased floral designs, subtle incision work, and minute beading. The bearded face with a stern expression marked by wide almond-shaped eyes, furrowed brows, a sharp nose, and red-painted bow-shaped lips, the hair pulled up under a ribbed court headdress.Provenance: From an old private collection in Bavaria, Germany. Condition: Good condition with expected wear and casting irregularities, scattered minor nicks and light surface scratches, light rubbing and minor losses to gilding, traces of weathering, a small section of the celestial scarf repaired. The spear is a later replacement. The bronze with a rich, naturally grown, warm patina with small areas of malachite encrustation.Weight: 3,788 g (excl. base), 5,126 g (incl. base)Dimensions: Height 32.3 cm (the figure excl. spear and base), 38.2 cm (the figure incl. spear), 43.2 cm (incl. base and spear)With an associated and neatly fitted marble base, dating from the mid-20th century. (2)This finely cast gilt-bronze figure represents Zengzhang Tianwang (Sanskrit: Virudhaka), the 'King of Growth', one of the Four Guardian Kings sworn to protect Buddhism eternally. Traditionally enshrined at the cardinal points of temple complexes, these formidable guardians were believed to defend Buddhist deities and practitioners from malevolent forces, ensuring the sanctity of the sacred space. Zengzhang Tianwang presides over the South, his martial presence most often expressed through the bearing of a sword, symbolizing the subjugation of evil and the protection of the Dharma. The cult of the Heavenly Kings entered China with the transmission of Buddhism during the Han dynasty, but their iconography became fully established in the Tang period, when monumental figures were installed at temple gates. Fierce in expression yet profoundly symbolic, they embodied both spiritual guardianship and the worldly power of kingship.Literature comparison: Compare a closely related gilt-bronze figure of Vaishravana, Guardian King of the North, dated Yuan-early Ming dynasty, 35.9 cm high, in the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, object number F95-4, purchased by the Asian Art Acquisition Fund in memory of Laurence Sickman and illustrated by Colin Mackenzie, Masterworks of Chinese Art, 2011, pp. 86-87, where it is dated Yuan dynasty.Auction result comparison: Type: Closely relatedAuction: Christie's New York, 22 March 2013, lot 1274Price: USD 40,000 or approx. EUR 47,500 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing: A gilt-lacquered bronze figure of Isana, Ming dynasty, 16th-17th centuryExpert remark: Compare the closely related modeling and manner of casting with similar attire, expression, flowing beard, and incised hair. Note the size (46.3 cm), lacquer gilding, and related subject, depicting the Guardian of the Northeast.Auction result comparison: Type: Closely related Auction: Christie's Hong Kong, 26 November 2014, lot 3111 Price: HKD 750,000 or approx. EUR 105,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing : A gilt-bronze figure of a Guardian, Ming dynasty, late 15th-16th century Expert remark: Compare the closely related manner of casting, gilding, and modeling with similar stance and attire. Note the size (29 cm) and missing attribute.

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价格信息

拍品估价:2,400 - 5,000 欧元 起拍价格:2,400 欧元  买家佣金:

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